Audit log

Every state-changing event for AKT: moderation decisions on community submissions, plus corrections and updates from the news pipeline. URL-based decisions carry three independent witnesses — the original source, an Internet Archive snapshot taken at submission time, and a Solana memo signed by our publicly-disclosed publisher key.

1. #1publishby system:backfill

   2026-06-04 20:53:29Z
   Score: ? → ? (no score change)
   anchoranchored

   chain

   ●mainnet-betaslot 424,319,645

   sig

   27n4h4YDeV3m…yTvUsKLPcopyexplorer ↗

   hash

   8uJ982uFiTP8…JX7dWU6Rcopysha256 → base58

   verifying row…full verify ↗

   canonical bytes (20591 B) ▸

   {"actor":"system:backfill","investigation_id":"cb23f1c6-cc15-44aa-b9b9-2c81b01b5dce","kind":"publish","page_slug":"akt","published_at":"2026-06-04T20:53:29.380Z","sequence_num":1,"snapshot":{"content_type":"investigation","entity_name":"AKT","sections":[{"content":"The ticker 'AKT' in the crypto space refers overwhelmingly to Akash Network's native token. A search across major aggregators (CoinGecko, CoinMarketCap, Coinbase, Kraken) returns Akash Network as the sole prominent entity using this ticker at meaningful market capitalization. No other active crypto project of note was found using the AKT ticker as of the investigation date.","heading":"Ticker Disambiguation","severity":"low","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - CoinGecko","type":"other","url":"https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - CoinMarketCap","type":"other","url":"https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/akash-network/"}]},{"content":"Akash Network is a decentralized peer-to-peer cloud computing marketplace that allows users to lease compute resources from a distributed network of providers. The project was founded in 2015 by Greg Osuri (CEO) and Adam Bozanich (CTO) under Overclock Labs, a US-based software development company. A third co-founder, Boz Menzalji, joined as COO at mainnet launch. Greg Osuri is a 25-year open-source veteran and co-founder of AngelHack, a global hackathon organization. Prior to Akash, Osuri worked at IBM and led the design of Kaiser Permanente's first cloud architecture in 2008. The network is built on the Cosmos SDK with Tendermint-based delegated Proof-of-Stake consensus and uses the Inter-Blockchain Communication (IBC) protocol. All software is open-source under the Apache 2.0 license across 49 repositories on GitHub.","heading":"Entity Overview and Founding","severity":"low","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Greg Osuri - Akash Network Founder Profile (Phemex)","type":"news_article","url":"https://phemex.com/academy/greg-osuri-akash-decentralized-gpu-cloud"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Understanding Akash: A Comprehensive Overview - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/understanding-akash-a-comprehensive-overview"},{"credibility":1,"name":"Akash Network GitHub Organization","type":"official","url":"https://github.com/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Greg Osuri - CoinDesk Most Influential 2024","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2024/12/10/greg-osuri-delivering-on-de-pin"}]},{"content":"AKT launched its Token Generation Event (TGE) on October 21, 2020, priced at approximately $0.39 per token. A private round in Q1 2020 raised $2 million at $0.0591 per token, with investors including Digital Asset Capital Management (DACM), Infinite Capital, and Cypher Capital. An IEO hosted on BitMax raised $800,000 at $0.35 per token. Total funding across all rounds was approximately $2.8 million. The maximum token supply is capped at 388,539,008 AKT, expected to be fully issued by 2050. The token allocation includes mining rewards, investor allocations, team and advisor vesting, a foundation reserve, and ecosystem and public sale portions. A dynamic inflation model adjusts between 4% and 8% annually based on the network's bonded staking ratio, with inflation split 50/50 between community pool and stakers. As of mid-2026, AKT's market capitalization was approximately $202 million. The token reached an all-time high of approximately $8.07 before declining significantly.","heading":"Token and Funding History","severity":"low","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network IEO Funding Rounds and Tokenomics - CryptoRank","type":"research","url":"https://cryptorank.io/ico/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"The Ultimate Akash AKT Tokenomics Guide - Cito Research","type":"research","url":"https://www.cito.zone/cito-research/the-ultimate-akash-(-akt)-tokenomics-guide"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network Tokenomics - Tokenomist","type":"research","url":"https://tokenomist.ai/akash-network"}]},{"content":"No regulatory actions from the SEC, CFTC, DOJ, or any other governmental authority have been identified against Akash Network, Overclock Labs, Greg Osuri, Adam Bozanich, or the AKT token as of the investigation date. No lawsuits or fraud allegations have been found in any court filing databases or major news outlets. The project is US-based (Overclock Labs), which exposes it to potential future regulatory scrutiny applicable to the broader crypto industry, but no specific enforcement action has been taken or announced. In December 2024, the AKT token debuted as an Exchange-Traded Product (ETP) on Sweden's Spotlight Stock Market through Valour Inc., meeting EU compliance standards and receiving approval from the Swedish Financial Supervisory Authority.","heading":"Regulatory and Legal Status","severity":"low","sources":[{"credibility":1,"name":"Akash Network Token Debuts as Exchange-Traded Product on Sweden's Spotlight Stock Market - BusinessWire","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241220130633/en/Akash-Network-Token-Debuts-as-Exchange-Traded-Product-on-Swedens-Spotlight-Stock-Market"}]},{"content":"In April 2024, security research firm ChainLight identified a critical authentication bypass vulnerability in Akash Network. The vulnerability allowed an attacker to impersonate a deployment owner on the network, potentially granting unauthorized access to execute arbitrary commands on any active instance. For AI-related workloads, this could have exposed AI models and training data. The vulnerability was identified on April 28, 2024, reported on April 29, 2024, and Akash Network patched and deployed a fix to production on May 1, 2024 — a response time of approximately three days. Akash Network rewarded ChainLight with AKT tokens as a bug bounty. No user funds or deployments are reported to have been compromised before the patch. The incident represents responsible disclosure and a timely remediation, which is a positive indicator of the team's security posture. As of the investigation date, no formal CertiK smart contract audit has been completed, though Akash Network has a CertiK Skynet monitoring score of approximately 81.62 (Grade A), with noted concerns around high token concentration (62.46% major holding ratio) in governance.","heading":"Security: Critical Vulnerability Disclosure (April-May 2024)","severity":"high","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Finding a Critical Vulnerability in Akash Network - ChainLight","type":"research","url":"https://medium.com/chainlight/patch-thursday-finding-a-critical-vulnerability-in-akash-network-d9c728c2606b"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - CertiK Skynet Project Insight","type":"research","url":"https://skynet.certik.com/projects/akash-network"}]},{"content":"On March 29, 2025, Akash Network experienced a targeted spam attack consisting of a high volume of malicious transactions and airdrop memos directed at both the blockchain and the Console user interface. The attack caused network congestion and temporarily prevented new deployments for several hours. The core team and validators responded by raising transaction fees and temporarily restricting Console signups. A patch was released on March 30, 2025 to prevent recurrence. The incident had downstream effects, with the average number of daily active leases declining 24% from Q1 to Q2 2025 (from 868 to 659 daily active leases). The attack also contributed to smaller provider churn in subsequent quarters.","heading":"Network Incident: Spam Attack (March 2025)","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Q2 2025 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q2-2025"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash 2025 Year in Review","type":"official","url":"https://akash.network/blog/akash-2025-year-in-review/"}]},{"content":"A structural tokenomics concern emerged following Akash's introduction of stablecoin (primarily USDC) payment options for compute resources. While stablecoin payments significantly increased transaction volume and developer adoption, they reduced direct demand for AKT, as tenants no longer needed to hold AKT to deploy workloads. This dynamic put downward pressure on the AKT token's value relative to network usage. To address this, Akash introduced the Burn Mint Equilibrium (BME) model, designed to link AKT value to network activity by requiring stablecoin payments to be converted through an AKT burn-and-mint mechanism. Additionally, Akash continues to subsidize GPU providers through community pool spending to bootstrap supply, which represents ongoing treasury expenditure risk. The current validator bonding rate has been reported below the 67% target, while inflation has reached its ceiling of 8%, limiting the network's ability to use inflation incentives to attract additional stakers.","heading":"Tokenomics Concerns: Reduced AKT Demand","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Burn Mint Equilibrium on Akash - Official Roadmap","type":"official","url":"https://akash.network/roadmap/aep-76/"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network Ecosystem Analysis - DAIC Capital","type":"research","url":"https://daic.capital/blog/akash-network-ecosystem"},{"credibility":2,"name":"AKT 2.0 Early Draft Discussion - GitHub","type":"official","url":"https://github.com/orgs/akash-network/discussions/32"}]},{"content":"CertiK Skynet data indicates a major holding ratio of approximately 62.46%, meaning a significant concentration of AKT governance power rests with a small number of token holders. Community governance discussions have raised the concern that the process for custody and distribution of ecosystem funds remains too centralized for a protocol that positions itself as truly decentralized. Active providers declined 11% quarter-over-quarter in Q3 2025, partly attributed to smaller operators exiting as GPU pricing tightened and the network prepared for the Starcluster protocol-owned GPU supply initiative. These trends suggest the provider base concentration risk is a notable operational concern.","heading":"Governance Centralization Concerns","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - CertiK Skynet Project Insight","type":"research","url":"https://skynet.certik.com/projects/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Q3 2025 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q3-2025"}]},{"content":"Akash Network has established several notable institutional partnerships. In April 2024, Brev.dev, a GPU cloud service that integrated Akash's compute network, was acquired by NVIDIA. Because AKT is required for workload deployment on Akash, Brev (and subsequently NVIDIA) held AKT on its balance sheet, representing a significant if indirect institutional validation. Akash partnered with Prime Intellect to launch a decentralized platform for AI model training using high-density NVIDIA H100 and A100 GPUs. FluxEdge and Venice.ai also integrated Akash's compute resources. Daily network spend grew 749% over 2024, from approximately $1,299 per day on January 1, 2024 to $11,038 per day by December 31, 2024. In Q4 2024, new leases increased 274% quarter-over-quarter. Greg Osuri was named to CoinDesk's 'Most Influential 2024' list. The AKT token was listed as an ETP on Sweden's Spotlight Stock Market in December 2024 through Valour Inc.","heading":"Partnerships, Integrations, and Market Position","severity":"low","sources":[{"credibility":3,"name":"Brev has been acquired by NVIDIA - Akash Network Twitter","type":"social_media","url":"https://x.com/akashnet_/status/1813311060960792641"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Exclusive: Brev.dev joins forces with Akash Network - VentureBeat","type":"news_article","url":"https://venturebeat.com/ai/exclusive-brev-dev-joins-forces-with-akash-network-to-offer-on-demand-gpus-for-ai-developers"},{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Network Q4 2024 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q4-2024"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Greg Osuri - CoinDesk Most Influential 2024","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2024/12/10/greg-osuri-delivering-on-de-pin"}]}],"sources_used":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - CoinGecko","type":"other","url":"https://www.coingecko.com/en/coins/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - CoinMarketCap","type":"other","url":"https://coinmarketcap.com/currencies/akash-network/"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Understanding Akash: A Comprehensive Overview - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/understanding-akash-a-comprehensive-overview"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Greg Osuri - Akash Decentralized GPU Cloud (Phemex)","type":"news_article","url":"https://phemex.com/academy/greg-osuri-akash-decentralized-gpu-cloud"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Greg Osuri: Delivering on DePIN - CoinDesk","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2024/12/10/greg-osuri-delivering-on-de-pin"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network IEO Funding Rounds and Tokenomics - CryptoRank","type":"research","url":"https://cryptorank.io/ico/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Finding a Critical Vulnerability in Akash Network - ChainLight","type":"research","url":"https://medium.com/chainlight/patch-thursday-finding-a-critical-vulnerability-in-akash-network-d9c728c2606b"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - CertiK Skynet Project Insight","type":"research","url":"https://skynet.certik.com/projects/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Network Q2 2024 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-network-q2-2024"},{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Network Q3 2024 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-network-q3-2024"},{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Network Q4 2024 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q4-2024"},{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Q2 2025 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q2-2025"},{"credibility":2,"name":"State of Akash Q3 2025 - Messari","type":"research","url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q3-2025"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Exclusive: Brev.dev joins forces with Akash Network - VentureBeat","type":"news_article","url":"https://venturebeat.com/ai/exclusive-brev-dev-joins-forces-with-akash-network-to-offer-on-demand-gpus-for-ai-developers"},{"credibility":1,"name":"Akash Network Token Debuts as ETP on Sweden's Spotlight Stock Market - BusinessWire","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241220130633/en/Akash-Network-Token-Debuts-as-Exchange-Traded-Product-on-Swedens-Spotlight-Stock-Market"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network - IQ.wiki","type":"other","url":"https://iq.wiki/wiki/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Burn Mint Equilibrium on Akash - Official Roadmap (AEP-76)","type":"official","url":"https://akash.network/roadmap/aep-76/"},{"credibility":1,"name":"Akash Network GitHub Organization","type":"official","url":"https://github.com/akash-network"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network Ecosystem Analysis - DAIC Capital","type":"research","url":"https://daic.capital/blog/akash-network-ecosystem"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash Network Mainnet 2 Launch - Help Net Security","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2021/03/10/akash-mainnet-2/"},{"credibility":3,"name":"Brev acquired by NVIDIA - Akash Network Twitter","type":"social_media","url":"https://x.com/akashnet_/status/1813311060960792641"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Akash 2025 Year in Review - Official Blog","type":"official","url":"https://akash.network/blog/akash-2025-year-in-review/"}],"summary":"AKT is the native utility token of Akash Network, a decentralized cloud computing marketplace built on the Cosmos SDK and founded in 2015 by Greg Osuri and Adam Bozanich under Overclock Labs. The project operates as a legitimate, open-source DePIN (Decentralized Physical Infrastructure Network) with public governance, audited code, and institutional partnerships including an indirect connection to NVIDIA through the Brev.dev acquisition. No regulatory actions, fraud allegations, or major exploits have been identified, though a responsibly disclosed critical vulnerability was patched in May 2024 and a spam attack disrupted the network briefly in March 2025.","timeline":[{"date":"2015-01-01","event":"Akash Network founded by Greg Osuri and Adam Bozanich under Overclock Labs","source":"Understanding Akash: A Comprehensive Overview - Messari","source_url":"https://messari.io/report/understanding-akash-a-comprehensive-overview"},{"date":"2020-03-01","event":"Private funding round raises $2 million at $0.0591/AKT from DACM, Infinite Capital, and Cypher Capital","source":"Akash Network IEO Funding Rounds - CryptoRank","source_url":"https://cryptorank.io/ico/akash-network"},{"date":"2020-09-01","event":"Akash Mainnet 1 launches with the first functional decentralized cloud marketplace","source":"Akash Network - IQ.wiki","source_url":"https://iq.wiki/wiki/akash-network"},{"date":"2020-10-21","event":"AKT Token Generation Event at $0.39 per token; IEO on BitMax raises $800,000 at $0.35","source":"Akash Network IEO Funding Rounds - CryptoRank","source_url":"https://cryptorank.io/ico/akash-network"},{"date":"2021-03-01","event":"Mainnet 2 launches with Akash Marketplace, flexible bid pricing, IBC compatibility, and deployment tooling","source":"Akash Mainnet 2 - Help Net Security","source_url":"https://www.helpnetsecurity.com/2021/03/10/akash-mainnet-2/"},{"date":"2022-11-01","event":"Mainnet 4 upgrade introduces IP leases and Cosmos IBC3 support for cross-chain transactions","source":"Akash Network - IQ.wiki","source_url":"https://iq.wiki/wiki/akash-network"},{"date":"2023-08-01","event":"Mainnet 6 upgrade introduces GPU support, enabling providers to offer GPU resources to deployers globally","source":"Akash Network - IQ.wiki","source_url":"https://iq.wiki/wiki/akash-network"},{"date":"2024-04-01","event":"Brev.dev integrates Akash GPU resources, making AKT a balance sheet asset for Brev","source":"Exclusive: Brev.dev joins forces with Akash Network - VentureBeat","source_url":"https://venturebeat.com/ai/exclusive-brev-dev-joins-forces-with-akash-network-to-offer-on-demand-gpus-for-ai-developers"},{"date":"2024-04-28","event":"ChainLight identifies a critical authentication bypass vulnerability allowing impersonation of deployment owners","source":"Finding a Critical Vulnerability in Akash Network - ChainLight","source_url":"https://medium.com/chainlight/patch-thursday-finding-a-critical-vulnerability-in-akash-network-d9c728c2606b"},{"date":"2024-05-01","event":"Akash patches and deploys fix for critical authentication vulnerability within 3 days of report; bug bounty paid","source":"Finding a Critical Vulnerability in Akash Network - ChainLight","source_url":"https://medium.com/chainlight/patch-thursday-finding-a-critical-vulnerability-in-akash-network-d9c728c2606b"},{"date":"2024-07-16","event":"NVIDIA acquires Brev.dev, indirectly making NVIDIA an AKT balance sheet holder and Akash Network partner","source":"Brev has been acquired by NVIDIA - Akash Network Twitter","source_url":"https://x.com/akashnet_/status/1813311060960792641"},{"date":"2024-12-10","event":"CEO Greg Osuri named to CoinDesk Most Influential 2024 list","source":"Greg Osuri: Delivering on DePIN - CoinDesk","source_url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2024/12/10/greg-osuri-delivering-on-de-pin"},{"date":"2024-12-20","event":"AKT debuts as an Exchange-Traded Product on Sweden's Spotlight Stock Market through Valour Inc., with Swedish FSA approval","source":"Akash Network Token Debuts as ETP - BusinessWire","source_url":"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20241220130633/en/Akash-Network-Token-Debuts-as-Exchange-Traded-Product-on-Swedens-Spotlight-Stock-Market"},{"date":"2025-03-29","event":"Spam attack targets Akash blockchain and Console, causing network congestion and halting new deployments for several hours","source":"State of Akash Q2 2025 - Messari","source_url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q2-2025"},{"date":"2025-03-30","event":"Validators raise fees; patch released to prevent recurrence of spam attack","source":"State of Akash Q2 2025 - Messari","source_url":"https://messari.io/report/state-of-akash-q2-2025"}]},"v":1}

   Verify offline (run on your own machine)

   python -m src.verify_decision 779d2e5f-a35a-4c7c-997b-dcdd85b9cb71copy