Audit log

Every state-changing event for Strike: moderation decisions on community submissions, plus corrections and updates from the news pipeline. URL-based decisions are designed to carry three independent witnesses — the original source, an Internet Archive snapshot, and a Solana memo signed by our publicly-disclosed publisher key. Archive coverage is still being backfilled, so each decision below reports its own snapshot status rather than assuming one exists.

1. #1publishby system:backfill

   2026-05-19 15:39:38Z
   Score: ? → ? (no score change)
   anchoranchored

   chain

   ●mainnet-betaslot 420,798,288

   sig

   A3mEJ8mmkZrz…ZoiSn1FXcopyexplorer ↗

   hash

   7doFc7Lc4v7p…mTsmRr4ucopysha256 → base58

   verifying row…full verify ↗

   canonical bytes (9000 B) ▸

   {"actor":"system:backfill","investigation_id":"2475fba5-c3ac-4164-9093-6998e57de151","kind":"publish","page_slug":"strike","published_at":"2026-05-19T15:39:37.935Z","sequence_num":1,"snapshot":{"content_type":"investigation","entity_name":"Strike","sections":[{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":1,"name":"Strike launches global money app to 3 billion people in over 65 countries","type":"official","url":"https://strike.me/blog/strike-launches-global-money-app-to-3-billion-people-in-over-65-countries/"},{"credibility":1,"name":"Strike Receives BitLicense and Money Transmitter License from NYDFS — Business Wire","type":"regulatory","url":"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20260305426748/en/Strike-Receives-BitLicense-and-Money-Transmitter-License-from-the-New-York-Department-of-Financial-Services"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Strike Establishes US Compliance Program with InnReg's Support","type":"other","url":"https://www.innreg.com/resources/case-studies/strike"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"Jack Mallers' Strike denied an email breach that definitely happened — Protos","type":"news_article","url":"https://protos.com/jack-mallers-strike-denied-an-email-breach-that-definitely-happened/"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Bitcoin payments app Strike says no evidence of breach amid claims — The Block","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.theblock.co/post/260119/bitcoin-payments-app-strike-says-no-evidence-of-breach-amid-claims"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Strike accused of alleged data breach — Crypto News","type":"news_article","url":"https://crypto.news/strike-accused-of-alleged-data-breach/"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Strike reports data leak of customer emails after initially denying any issues — Beyond Machines","type":"news_article","url":"https://beyondmachines.net/event_details/strike-reports-data-leak-of-customer-emails-after-initially-denying-any-issues-8-w-8-g-q"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":1,"name":"What is my cash or USDT balance? — Strike FAQ","type":"official","url":"https://strike.me/en/faq/what-is-my-cash-or-usdt-balance-wr/"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Bitcoin payments app Strike integrates Tether's USDT stablecoin — The Block","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.theblock.co/post/231714/strike-tether-bitcoin-payments"},{"credibility":2,"name":"With Bitcoin Clarity, El Salvador Allows Strike To Abandon USDT — Bitcoin Magazine","type":"news_article","url":"https://bitcoinmagazine.com/business/strike-abandons-usdt-in-el-salvador"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Strike CEO Jack Mallers Announces Lending Proof-of-Reserves and Backs Tether Merger Plan — Bitcoin Magazine","type":"news_article","url":"https://bitcoinmagazine.com/news/strike-ceo-jack-mallers-bitcoin-conference"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Strike Is Phasing Out USDT From Bitcoin-Based El Salvador Remittances, CEO Says — Yahoo Finance","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.yahoo.com/now/strike-phasing-usdt-bitcoin-based-194516505.html"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":1,"name":"Strike Licenses — Strike.me","type":"official","url":"https://strike.me/legal/licenses/"},{"credibility":1,"name":"Strike Receives BitLicense and Money Transmitter License from NYDFS — CoinDesk","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/business/2026/03/06/strike-secures-new-york-bitlicense-opening-bitcoin-financial-services-to-state-residents"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Strike Establishes US Compliance Program with InnReg's Support","type":"other","url":"https://www.innreg.com/resources/case-studies/strike"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":2,"name":"JPMorgan Chase closes Strike CEO Jack Mallers' accounts — The Block","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.theblock.co/post/380099/strike-jack-maller-jpmorgan"},{"credibility":1,"name":"JPMorgan and Strike CEO Jack Mallers Go Silent, Leaving Debanking Questions Unanswered — CoinDesk","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/business/2025/12/01/jpmorgan-and-strike-ceo-jack-mallers-go-silent-leave-debanking-questions-unanswered"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Strike CEO Jack Mallers Debanked By JPMorgan — Bitcoin Magazine","type":"news_article","url":"https://bitcoinmagazine.com/business/jack-mallers-debanked-by-jpmorgan"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":1,"name":"XXI higher by 8% on merger plans with Strike and Elektron Energy — CoinDesk","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2026/04/29/jack-mallers-twenty-one-capital-surges-after-majority-holder-tether-proposes-3-way-merger"},{"credibility":2,"name":"XXI Rallies on Tether-Backed Merger Plan — But CEO Jack Mallers Sits on Both Sides of the Table — BigGo Finance","type":"news_article","url":"https://finance.biggo.com/news/RhjM350BtCxy99G5-qax"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Tether Investments Proposes Merger Plans at Twenty One Capital — Tether.io","type":"official","url":"https://tether.io/news/tether-investments-proposes-merger-plans-at-twenty-one-capital-to-accelerate-its-strategic-direction/"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Tether Proposes Three-Way Merger to Build Integrated Bitcoin Platform — Unchained Crypto","type":"news_article","url":"https://unchainedcrypto.com/tether-proposes-three-way-merger-to-build-integrated-bitcoin-platform-around-twenty-one-capital-unchained/"},{"credibility":2,"name":"Jack Mallers' Bitcoin payments app Strike is moving into crypto lending — The Block","type":"news_article","url":"https://www.theblock.co/post/353319/jack-mallers-bitcoin-payments-app-strike-is-moving-into-the-crypto-lending-business"}]}],"sources_used":[],"summary":"Strike (operated by Zap Solutions, Inc.) is a Bitcoin and Lightning Network payments application founded by Jack Mallers. The platform has faced scrutiny over a 2023 data breach it initially denied, the use of Tether (USDT) as a backing for purported USD cash balances for non-US users, and a 2026 proposed merger with Twenty One Capital (XXI) that raises serious conflict-of-interest concerns given Mallers serves as CEO of both entities.","timeline":[{"date":"2020-01-01","event":"Strike (Zap Solutions, Inc.) founded by Jack Mallers as a Bitcoin Lightning Network payments application.","source":"","source_url":"https://www.bitstamp.net/en-gb/learn/people-profiles/jack-mallers/"},{"date":"2021-06-01","event":"Strike supports El Salvador Bitcoin adoption; reliance on USDT draws criticism from Bitcoin community. Mallers says USDT will be phased out.","source":"","source_url":"https://www.yahoo.com/now/strike-phasing-usdt-bitcoin-based-194516505.html"},{"date":"2023-06-01","event":"Strike announces global expansion to over 65 countries, reaching approximately 3 billion potential users.","source":"","source_url":"https://strike.me/blog/strike-launches-global-money-app-to-3-billion-people-in-over-65-countries/"},{"date":"2023-10-31","event":"ZachXBT publishes evidence on Telegram of a Strike customer email data breach. Strike initially states 'There's no evidence that Strike was breached.' Within hours Strike reverses position, acknowledging a third-party vendor breach.","source":"","source_url":"https://protos.com/jack-mallers-strike-denied-an-email-breach-that-definitely-happened/"},{"date":"2023-11-01","event":"Strike confirms email list breach by third-party vendor to customers; phishing emails had targeted Strike users with scams mimicking Etherscan and OpenSea.","source":"","source_url":"https://www.theblock.co/post/260119/bitcoin-payments-app-strike-says-no-evidence-of-breach-amid-claims"},{"date":"2025-09-02","event":"JPMorgan Chase closes Jack Mallers' personal accounts, citing 'concerning activity' without elaboration.","source":"","source_url":"https://www.theblock.co/post/380099/strike-jack-maller-jpmorgan"},{"date":"2025-11-23","event":"Mallers publicly discloses JPMorgan account closure on social media, two months after the September letter.","source":"","source_url":"https://www.coindesk.com/business/2025/12/01/jpmorgan-and-strike-ceo-jack-mallers-go-silent-leave-debanking-questions-unanswered"},{"date":"2026-03-05","event":"Strike receives BitLicense and Money Transmitter License from NYDFS, completing licensure across all 50 U.S. states.","source":"","source_url":"https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20260305426748/en/Strike-Receives-BitLicense-and-Money-Transmitter-License-from-the-New-York-Department-of-Financial-Services"},{"date":"2026-04-29","event":"Tether proposes three-way merger of Twenty One Capital (XXI), Strike, and Elektron Energy. Jack Mallers, CEO of both XXI and Strike, endorses the deal publicly the same day, raising conflict-of-interest concerns.","source":"","source_url":"https://www.coindesk.com/markets/2026/04/29/jack-mallers-twenty-one-capital-surges-after-majority-holder-tether-proposes-3-way-merger"}]},"v":1}

   Verify offline (run on your own machine)

   python -m src.verify_decision 2225531c-8f62-4eae-9690-ec678c8b1022copy
2. #2reviewby reviewerreviewer

   2026-08-27 12:05:11Z
   Score: 44 → 44 (no score change)
   This page is unambiguously about Strike, the Bitcoin/Lightning payments app founded by Jack Mallers and operated by Zap Solutions, Inc.; no conflation with Strike Finance/Protocol or an STRK token was found. Because all 6 sections have empty heading/content and the top-level sources_used array is empty, the only checkable material is the summary and the 9-entry timeline; every 'confirmed' verdict here reflects independent verification against outside sources, not agreement with citations the page itself supplies. Of 13 atomic claims, 7 were independently confirmed, 4 were partially supported (accurate substance but mis-cited source, or dates/quantities off by days to weeks), and 2 concerning the April 2026 Tether/Twenty One Capital/Strike/Elektron merger and Mallers' dual CEO role are now stale: the merger was canceled and Mallers resigned as Twenty One Capital's CEO on 2026-07-21, a development the page does not reflect. No claims were found disputed or unverifiable, and no link rot was found among the URLs successfully fetched, though two CoinDesk URLs and one strike.me URL could not be directly fetched (429/403) and were instead corroborated via secondary sources.
   anchoranchored

   chain

   ●mainnet-betaslot 443,525,779

   sig

   5um4MFdFK4Vr…YBPt4ZhEcopyexplorer ↗

   hash

   DanPqTW9rJSE…ApXaXW9Fcopysha256 → base58

   verifying row…full verify ↗

   canonical bytes (1527 B) ▸

   {"actor":"reviewer","decided_at":"2026-08-27T12:05:10.970Z","decision":"review","investigation_id":"2475fba5-c3ac-4164-9093-6998e57de151","new_score":44,"page_slug":"strike","prev_score":44,"reason":"This page is unambiguously about Strike, the Bitcoin/Lightning payments app founded by Jack Mallers and operated by Zap Solutions, Inc.; no conflation with Strike Finance/Protocol or an STRK token was found. Because all 6 sections have empty heading/content and the top-level sources_used array is empty, the only checkable material is the summary and the 9-entry timeline; every 'confirmed' verdict here reflects independent verification against outside sources, not agreement with citations the page itself supplies. Of 13 atomic claims, 7 were independently confirmed, 4 were partially supported (accurate substance but mis-cited source, or dates/quantities off by days to weeks), and 2 concerning the April 2026 Tether/Twenty One Capital/Strike/Elektron merger and Mallers' dual CEO role are now stale: the merger was canceled and Mallers resigned as Twenty One Capital's CEO on 2026-07-21, a development the page does not reflect. No claims were found disputed or unverifiable, and no link rot was found among the URLs successfully fetched, though two CoinDesk URLs and one strike.me URL could not be directly fetched (429/403) and were instead corroborated via secondary sources.","score_delta":0,"sequence_num":2,"submission_content_hash":null,"submission_id":null,"submission_kind":null,"submission_valence":null,"v":1}

   Verify offline (run on your own machine)

   python -m src.verify_decision 301aff07-b19c-4672-ad83-d3b980dddcfbcopy
3. #3review reviseby judgejudge

   2026-08-27 12:05:11Z
   Score: 44 → 34 (-10)
   Independently recomputing from the 12-entry findings array (not the mismatched summary block), 7 claims were confirmed, 3 were partially supported due to minor citation or date errors, and none were disputed or unverifiable, giving a disputed_pct of 0.0%. On disputed content alone this page would clear review. However, the page's most prominent material -- the proposed Tether/Twenty One Capital/Strike merger and the framing of Jack Mallers holding CEO roles at both companies (claim_findings[10], claim_findings[11]) -- describes a situation that no longer exists: the merger was cancelled and Mallers resigned from Twenty One Capital in July 2026, weeks before this review, and the page gives no indication of this. Combined with a high-priority structural gap (all six page sections have empty headings and content, leaving only a summary and timeline as substantive text), the page is sent back for revision rather than approved outright, even though no individual claim was found to be false.
   anchoranchored

   chain

   ●mainnet-betaslot 443,525,879

   sig

   5yB7gvhiEbfv…UXdbAHMscopyexplorer ↗

   hash

   HzSF1DAjqHkp…M6uLqX1Ecopysha256 → base58

   verifying row…full verify ↗

   canonical bytes (1348 B) ▸

   {"actor":"judge","decided_at":"2026-08-27T12:05:10.970Z","decision":"review_revise","investigation_id":"2475fba5-c3ac-4164-9093-6998e57de151","new_score":34,"page_slug":"strike","prev_score":44,"reason":"Independently recomputing from the 12-entry findings array (not the mismatched summary block), 7 claims were confirmed, 3 were partially supported due to minor citation or date errors, and none were disputed or unverifiable, giving a disputed_pct of 0.0%. On disputed content alone this page would clear review. However, the page's most prominent material -- the proposed Tether/Twenty One Capital/Strike merger and the framing of Jack Mallers holding CEO roles at both companies (claim_findings[10], claim_findings[11]) -- describes a situation that no longer exists: the merger was cancelled and Mallers resigned from Twenty One Capital in July 2026, weeks before this review, and the page gives no indication of this. Combined with a high-priority structural gap (all six page sections have empty headings and content, leaving only a summary and timeline as substantive text), the page is sent back for revision rather than approved outright, even though no individual claim was found to be false.","score_delta":-10,"sequence_num":3,"submission_content_hash":null,"submission_id":null,"submission_kind":null,"submission_valence":null,"v":1}

   Verify offline (run on your own machine)

   python -m src.verify_decision d81d7748-f497-4cb3-b6e5-090da72b0742copy