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Across Protocol

avoid.net/across-protocol→42/100·72% conf.
[AI-DRAFTED · AWAITING VERIFICATION][src:etherscan][src:zachxbt][audit][bridge][defi]

Auto-generated score, not yet verified against the scoring model. Under review — treat as indicative, not a verdict.

anchored·2aNXCk…AQFY

Summary

Across Protocol is a cross-chain bridge protocol built on UMA's optimistic oracle, founded by Hart Lambur and the UMA/Risk Labs team and launched in 2021. In June 2025, pseudonymous investigator Ogle alleged that protocol insiders used undisclosed wallets to push through two governance proposals transferring approximately 150 million ACX tokens ($23 million) from the DAO treasury to Risk Labs, the team's own organization, constituting alleged self-dealing and DAO manipulation. Separate allegations from LayerZero founder Bryan Pellegrino claimed insider trading preceded a surprise Binance listing of ACX in December 2024, with the protocol subsequently proposing in early 2026 to dissolve its DAO entirely and convert to a U.S. C-corporation.

Connected Entities

8 entities · 60 linked investigations
Organizations
□Polygon54□Ethereum64□Blockchain Capital68□Arbitrum52□Binance45□Optimism60
Protocols
⌂Across Protocol⌂LayerZero — DVN Single-Verifier Configuration Risk
Relationships
  • Across Protocol→mentioned with→Polygon(60%)
  • Across Protocol→mentioned with→Binance(70%)
  • Across Protocol→mentioned with→Arbitrum(60%)
  • Across Protocol→mentioned with→Ethereum(70%)
  • Across Protocol→mentioned with→Optimism(60%)
  • Optimism→mentioned with→Arbitrum(65%)
  • Optimism→mentioned with→Ethereum(80%)
  • Binance→mentioned with→Ethereum(65%)
  • LayerZero — DVN Single-Verifier Configuration Risk→mentioned with→Ethereum(60%)
  • Across Protocol→mentioned with→Blockchain Capital(80%)
  • + 7 more
Also appears in
Polygon·54Blockchain Capital·68Arbitrum·52Ethereum·64Lendf.me·30Levyathan·18Jump Trading·42StableMagnet·2Shibarium·28Bankr·18+ 50 more

Connected Through

8 shared actors · 619 investigations

Distinct actors this investigation shares with others — holders, traders, and named parties. Shared infrastructure (exchanges, pools) is excluded.

Have evidence about Across Protocol?
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Accepted
1
Under review
0
Rejected / revoked

Community submissions

Timeline(12 events)

24 October 2021

Across Protocol created and launched by Hart Lambur and the Risk Labs / UMA team.

ICO Drops - Across Protocol

28 November 2022

ACX governance token launched (TGE) at approximately $0.0808.

ICO Drops - Across Protocol

October 2023

First disputed governance proposal passes, allocating 100 million ACX tokens (~$15M) to Risk Labs for stated development purposes. Vote recorded as passing with approximately 97% approval.

CoinDesk - ACX Token Slides 10%

2024

Risk Labs allegedly begins selling ACX token option agreements to external investors, according to allegations by Ogle.

CoinJournal - Across Protocol price drops 11%

October 2024

Second disputed governance proposal passes, allocating 50 million ACX tokens (~$8M) to Risk Labs as 'retroactive funding.' Ogle later alleges the proposal reached quorum only via insider-controlled wallets.

CoinDesk - ACX Token Slides 10%

December 2024

Binance surprise-lists ACX token. ACX reaches all-time high of approximately $1.69. Bryan Pellegrino subsequently alleges Hart Lambur purchased ACX tokens with advance knowledge of the listing.

The Block - ACX drops over 10%

27 June 2025

Pseudonymous investigator Ogle publishes allegations on X that Across Protocol insiders manipulated DAO governance to transfer approximately $23 million in ACX tokens to Risk Labs. ACX drops over 10% in 24 hours.

CoinDesk - ACX Token Slides 10%

27 June 2025

Hart Lambur publicly denies all governance manipulation and insider trading allegations, calling them 'categorically untrue.'

The Block - ACX drops over 10%

11 March 2026

Risk Labs publishes governance temperature-check proposing dissolution of the Across DAO and transition to a U.S. C-corporation (AcrossCo), with ACX-to-equity or USDC buyout terms for token holders.

The Block - Paradigm-backed Across Protocol explores ACX-for-equity exchange

12 March 2026

ACX token surges approximately 70-80% following announcement of the DAO dissolution proposal.

CoinDesk - ACX rockets 80%

2 April 2026

DAO dissolution proposal ('Bridge Across') passes via Snapshot vote, marking the beginning of the transition to AcrossCo.

CoinMarketCap - Across Protocol Latest Updates

7 May 2026

South Korean exchanges Bithumb and Coinone issue joint investment caution warning for ACX token, citing risks from the governance transformation to corporate structure.

MEXC News - Bithumb and Coinone Issue Investment Warnings for ACX
Provenance & Audit Trail
Anchored on SolanaVerify on-chainsrc:etherscansrc:zachxbt

Decision Log

This investigation is cryptographically anchored to the Solana blockchain (1 event).

full audit log →version history →

model: claude-sonnet

generated: 5/4/2026, 4:04:59 PM

last updated: 5/26/2026, 4:11:14 AM

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