A7A5 Stablecoin / Old Vector
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last 45 daysSummary
A7A5 is a Russian ruble-pegged stablecoin issued by Kyrgyzstan-registered Old Vector LLC on Ethereum and TRON, created by A7 LLC, a Moscow payments firm 51% owned by sanctioned Moldovan fugitive Ilan Shor and 49% by sanctioned Promsvyazbank. It has been designated or banned by the United States, European Union, United Kingdom and other jurisdictions for alleged use in Russian sanctions evasion, and is linked on-chain to the Garantex and Grinex exchanges. Reported volumes run from tens to hundreds of billions of dollars cumulatively, though usage reportedly collapsed by about 96% after enforcement in 2025-2026.
Connected Entities
16 entities · 60 linked investigations- TNDjh6…3rDq→mentioned with→A7A5 Stablecoin / Old Vector(50%)
- A7A5 Ruble Stablecoin / A7 Network→mentioned with→Uniswap(60%)
- A7A5 Ruble Stablecoin / A7 Network→mentioned with→Ethereum(70%)
- A7A5 Ruble Stablecoin / A7 Network→mentioned with→Grinex(70%)
- A7A5 Ruble Stablecoin / A7 Network→mentioned with→TRON(70%)
- A7A5 Stablecoin / Old Vector→mentioned with→Uniswap(65%)
- A7A5 Stablecoin / Old Vector→mentioned with→Grinex(70%)
- A7A5 Stablecoin / Old Vector→mentioned with→Tether(65%)
- A7A5 Stablecoin / Old Vector→mentioned with→Ethereum(70%)
- Bitpapa IC FZC LLC→mentioned with→Grinex(60%)
- + 33 more
Live On-Chain Activity
1 address watched · via HeliusTimeline(29 events)
2014
Approximately $1 billion stolen from three Moldovan banks in an operation later linked to Ilan Shor.
Ilan Shor (OpenSanctions)April 2022
OFAC first designates Garantex for processing over $100 million in illicit transactions linked to ransomware actors and darknet markets.
Treasury Sanctions Cryptocurrency Exchange and Network Enabling Sanctions Evasion and Cyber CriminalsOctober 2022
OFAC designates Ilan Shor as a Specially Designated National for undermining Moldovan democratic institutions and elections on behalf of Russia.
Treasury Targets Corruption and Kremlin Malign Influence in MoldovaApril 2023
Court of Appeal of Chisinau sentences Ilan Shor to 15 years imprisonment for fraud and money laundering; EUR 254 million in assets ordered confiscated.
Ilan Shor (OpenSanctions)September 2024
A7 Network reportedly founded by Ilan Shor and Promsvyazbank (September 2024 per FinCEN/TRM Labs; October 2024 per OpenSanctions).
FinCEN Moves to Cut the A7 Network's Sub-Agents Off From the US Financial System (TRM Labs)October 2024
A7 LLC incorporated in Moscow with Ilan Shor as majority owner (51%) and Promsvyazbank as minority owner (49%), stated purpose of facilitating cross-border financial transfers for Russian clients facing Western sanctions.
A7 Limited Liability Company — OpenSanctionsDecember 2024
Old Vector LLC is incorporated in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, with registration number 311479-3301-OOO.
Old Vector LLC - OpenSanctionsDecember 2024
Grinex incorporated in Kyrgyzstan by an individual with no known prior history in the exchange business — later identified as an alleged Garantex successor platform.
Garantex, Grinex, and the A7A5 Token: A Deep Dive into Sanctions Evasion Networks - TRM LabsDecember 2024
Grinex incorporated in Kyrgyzstan; Meer exchange domain registered.
Garantex, Grinex, and the A7A5 Token: A Deep Dive into Sanctions Evasion Networks - TRM LabsJanuary 2025
A7A5, described as the first ruble-backed stablecoin, launches on Ethereum and TRON, issued by Old Vector for A7 LLC; Garantex-controlled wallets begin moving funds into A7A5 weeks before the March 2025 takedown. Some sources give February 2025.
The Fugitive Oligarch, The Cryptocurrency, And A 'Wild' Kremlin-Blessed Sanctions Evasion Scheme - RFE/RLFebruary 2025
A7A5 holder count stands at approximately 13,000 wallets.
Russian ruble stablecoin A7A5 grows despite Western sanctions: CertiK - TradingView/CoinTelegraphMarch 2025
Garantex's domains (garantex.org, garantex.io, garantex.academy) are seized by a multinational operation led by the U.S. Secret Service and over $26 million is frozen; DOJ unseals indictments against Aleksandr Mira Serda and Aleksej Besciokov (March 7); A7A5 is subsequently burned from Garantex wallets and re-minted to Old Vector/Grinex (March 10); Grinex is promoted as successor.
U.S. Secret Service Seizes Russian Cryptocurrency Exchange WebsitesMay 2025
UK designates A7 LLC (20 May per OpenSanctions); one source dates the UK's 18-target package including HTX/Huobi to May 26, 2025, which other sources date to May 26, 2026.
UK targets A7A5 stablecoin, Huobi/HTX for Russian sanctions evasion - CoinGeekJuly 2025
A7A5 issuer begins injecting USDT liquidity into DEX pools (about $1.2-1.3 billion in total by mid-2025); EU designates A7 LLC in a Ukraine-related package (July 15); peak weekly activity in the week of July 21 (about $6.66 billion).
The rise of A7A5: the Ruble stablecoin now transfers $1 billion per day — Elliptic23 July 2025
Last new A7A5 tokens minted, per Elliptic's later analysis, marking the peak of the token's active use.
The fall of A7A5: how sanctions strangled the ruble stablecoin (Elliptic)14 August 2025
OFAC designates Old Vector, A7 LLC, A71, A7 Agent, Grinex, Sergey Mendeleev, Aleksandr Mira Serda, Pavel Karavatsky, InDeFi Bank and Exved under E.O. 13694; Garantex re-designated under cyber authorities. Daily volumes fall from peaks above $1.5 billion to about $500 million.
OFAC Sanctions Crypto Network Behind Ruble-Backed Stablecoin and Shuttered Exchange Garantex — CoinDeskSeptember 2025
Vladimir Putin takes part in the opening of an A7 branch in Vladivostok (in person per one account, virtual per another); Ilan Shor presents A7. Internal A7 data is leaked (September 3), documenting $8 billion in stablecoin inflows since early 2024.
The Fugitive Oligarch, The Cryptocurrency, And A 'Wild' Kremlin-Blessed Sanctions Evasion Scheme - RFE/RLOctober 2025
Russia's central bank reportedly recognizes A7A5 as a 'digital financial asset' (Arkham Intelligence).
A7A5: The Ruble Stablecoin Linked To A Growing Shadow Economy — Arkham Intelligence23 October 2025
EU adopts its 19th sanctions package, designating A7A5, Old Vector and Grinex and banning transactions involving A7A5 (in force November 25, 2025; one source says November 12).
EU 19th Russia Sanctions Package - Council of the EUNovember 2025
Uniswap blocklists/removes A7A5; DEX liquidity provision falls from about $150 million daily to $0.5 million weekly.
A7A5: The ruble-backed stablecoin crosses $100 billion in transactions - EllipticFebruary 2026
CoinDesk interview with A7A5 regulatory director Oleg Ogienko, who claims FATF and Kyrgyz compliance and says the company 'does not do illegal things'.
'We do not do illegal things': Inside the sanctioned stablecoin issuer A7A5's race to build a crypto giant — CoinDeskMarch 2026
Alexander Browder (17, son of Bill Browder) publishes a Henry Jackson Society report 'Confronting the Illicit-Finance Hydra in Crypto Markets' exposing A7A5 and alleging approximately $350 billion laundered by Russia and other states through crypto.
Russia sanctions British teenager for alleging A7A5 use in funding Ukraine war - CoinDesk16 April 2026
Grinex, the primary remaining A7A5 trading venue, discloses a security breach with over 1 billion rubles reportedly stolen.
The fall of A7A5: how sanctions strangled the ruble stablecoin (Elliptic)May 2026
CertiK reports over $110 billion in cumulative on-chain transactions and about 43% of the non-US-dollar stablecoin market; holders reach 29,000 wallets. CoinDesk reports Ogienko saying the business could survive sanctions being lifted.
Russian ruble stablecoin A7A5 grows despite Western sanctions: CertiK - TradingView/CoinTelegraphMay 2026
HTX publicly denies the UK's allegations, saying it rejected A7A5's listing application.
Crypto exchange HTX rejects U.K. sanction allegations, says it refused ruble stablecoin listing — CoinDesk26 May 2026
UK FCDO sanctions 18 entities and individuals tied to the 'Kremlin-backed A7 network', alleging it moved over $90 billion the prior year; first application of Regulation 17A banking-style sanctions to crypto exchanges.
UK cracks down on backdoor Russian sanctions evasion with tough new measures (GOV.UK)June 2026
Russia's Foreign Ministry sanctions Alexander Browder (17) and four other UK nationals (June 3 or June 4 per differing accounts) after his Henry Jackson Society report; A7A5 volumes fall to about $24.3 million, down about 96% from the July 2025 peak.
Russia sanctions British teenager for alleging A7A5 use in funding Ukraine war - CoinDeskAugust 2026
UK NCA and NECC issue Flash Alert 0808-NECC on the A7 Network; OFSI doubles the maximum penalty to 100% of breach value.
UK NCA Issues Industry-Wide Alert on A7 Russia Sanctions Evasion Network (Global Sanctions)October 2026
US Treasury designates the A7 Network as a significant transnational criminal organization; FinCEN issues a Finding and NPRM, reporting $179.1 billion in A7A5 transactions across 180+ entities between February 2025 and June 2026.
FinCEN Moves to Cut the A7 Network's Sub-Agents Off From the US Financial System (TRM Labs)Decision Log
- slot 461972998 · hash FZNHjqHYfExpUH9bei5DUh7EHNXPTJ1ADUMRDJWHJZxh
- slot 461972993 · hash FueAbFhsRND33rGQzYAjuegChZDMvvPRtpYVrezDWb7K
- slot 429760737 · hash F2dafAeSh6p7eDYcbcYpzUMahinozy531Yfmk2z6dEvY
This investigation is cryptographically anchored to the Solana blockchain (3 decisions). 76 of 77 cited source URLs have an Internet Archive snapshot.
model: claude-code-merge-writer
generated: 6/29/2026, 11:15:02 PM
last updated: 10/27/2026, 6:42:28 AM
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