Verify a decision

{"actor":"system:backfill","investigation_id":"1ea3a627-7440-4695-aafe-89fa235d1fee","kind":"publish","page_slug":"inverse-finance-frontier","published_at":"2026-05-20T22:36:29.347Z","sequence_num":1,"snapshot":{"content_type":"investigation","entity_name":"Inverse Finance Frontier","sections":[{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.defipulse.com/blog/founder-fireside-chat-with-nour-haridy-of-inverse-finance"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://docs.inverse.finance/inverse-finance/inverse-finance/other/frontier"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.gate.com/learn/articles/what-is-inverse-finance-all-you-need-to-know-about-inv/2654"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2022/04/02/defi-lender-inverse-finance-exploited-for-156-million"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.certik.com/resources/blog/inverse-finance-02-april-2022"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://rekt.news/inverse-finance-rekt"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://therecord.media/more-than-15-million-stolen-after-hackers-exploit-defi-platform-inverse-finance"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://etherscan.io/address/0x7b792e49f640676b3706d666075e903b3a4deec6"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://etherscan.io/tx/0xf694b1e1ebc257cdfe86c902b446252a57d4c3bb418a36da27df3a09f39eacd8"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2022/06/16/defi-protocol-inverse-finance-exploited-for-12m"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://cryptoslate.com/inverse-finance-suffers-another-attack-hacker-steals-1-3-million-causes-5-8-million-protocol-loss/"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.halborn.com/blog/post/explained-the-inverse-finance-hack-june-2022"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.certik.com/resources/blog/6LbL57WA3iMNm8zd7q111R-inverse-finance-incident-analysis"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.theregister.com/2022/06/17/inverse_finance_heist/"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://blocksecteam.medium.com/price-oracle-manipulation-attack-on-inverse-finance-a5544218ea91"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://etherscan.io/address/0x7b792e49f640676b3706d666075e903b3a4deec6"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://etherscan.io/tx/0xf694b1e1ebc257cdfe86c902b446252a57d4c3bb418a36da27df3a09f39eacd8"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.certik.com/resources/blog/inverse-finance-02-april-2022"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://cryptoslate.com/inverse-finance-suffers-another-attack-hacker-steals-1-3-million-causes-5-8-million-protocol-loss/"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.inverse.finance/transparency/bad-debts"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.dlnews.com/articles/defi/inverse-finance-lures-defi-investors-to-plug-bad-debt/"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.inverse.finance/governance/proposals/mills/159"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.inverse.finance/transparency/bad-debts"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://therecord.media/more-than-15-million-stolen-after-hackers-exploit-defi-platform-inverse-finance"}]},{"content":"","heading":"","severity":"medium","sources":[{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2022/04/02/defi-lender-inverse-finance-exploited-for-156-million"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.coindesk.com/tech/2022/06/16/defi-protocol-inverse-finance-exploited-for-12m"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.halborn.com/blog/post/explained-the-inverse-finance-hack-june-2022"},{"credibility":3,"name":"","type":"other","url":"https://www.dlnews.com/articles/defi/inverse-finance-lures-defi-investors-to-plug-bad-debt/"}]}],"sources_used":[],"summary":"Inverse Finance Frontier (originally called Anchor) was a variable-rate lending market on Ethereum operated by Inverse Finance DAO, founded by Nour Haridy in 2020. The protocol suffered two separate oracle manipulation exploits in 2022 — one in April resulting in $15.6 million in losses and a second in June resulting in $5.8 million in bad debt — both attributed to vulnerabilities in how Frontier priced collateral assets. The protocol is now deprecated in favor of Inverse Finance's FiRM fixed-rate market, and the DAO continues to work down residual bad debt from both incidents.","timeline":[{"date":"2020-01-01","event":"Inverse Finance DAO launched on Ethereum by founder Nour Haridy, introducing the Anchor money market and the DOLA stablecoin.","source":""},{"date":"2022-04-02","event":"April 2022 exploit: attacker manipulates the Keep3rV2 TWAP oracle via low-liquidity INV/ETH SushiSwap pool, inflating INV price ~50x and borrowing $15.6 million in ETH, WBTC, YFI, and DOLA. Funds routed through Tornado Cash. Borrow markets paused.","source":""},{"date":"2022-04-02","event":"Inverse Finance announces 100% compensation commitment for affected users and plans to integrate Chainlink oracle for INV pricing.","source":""},{"date":"2022-06-16","event":"June 2022 exploit: attacker uses a 27,000 WBTC flash loan from Aave to manipulate the Curve tricrypto pool balance oracle for the yvcrv3crypto market, borrowing ~$10 million in DOLA against inflated collateral. Protocol incurs $5.83 million in bad debt; attacker nets ~$1.26 million.","source":""},{"date":"2022-10-28","event":"Inverse Finance reports recovery of 6.5 million DOLA in bad debt repayment through protocol revenue and reserves.","source":""},{"date":"2023-03-01","event":"Euler Finance hack adds additional bad debt obligations to the Inverse Finance DAO.","source":""},{"date":"2023-09-01","event":"Inverse Finance raises $2.6 million by selling 104,000 INV tokens at 25 DOLA per token to DeFi investors, applied toward bad debt repayment. Approximately $3.4 million in bad debt remains outstanding.","source":""},{"date":"2023-01-01","event":"Frontier formally deprecated in Inverse Finance documentation; DAO transitions to FiRM fixed-rate lending platform.","source":""}]},"v":1}