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Renzo Protocol is an Ethereum liquid restaking protocol that issues ezETH, serving as an interface to the EigenLayer ecosystem. In April 2024, ezETH suffered a severe depeg event — dropping as low as $700 in under one hour — triggered by an unpopular REZ tokenomics announcement that concentrated approximately 65% of supply with insiders and investors. The event caused over $56 million in DeFi liquidations affecting more than 250 users, and the REZ token has since lost approximately 97% of its all-time high value.

EigenLayer is a legitimate Ethereum restaking protocol operated by Eigen Labs that became a high-value target for phishing campaigns, wallet drainer attacks, and social engineering in 2024 following the launch of its EIGEN token. In October 2024 alone, the protocol's official X account was compromised to promote a fake airdrop resulting in at least $800,000 lost by one victim, and a separate email-based social engineering attack redirected approximately $5.7 million in locked investor tokens to an attacker's wallet. EIGEN holders and restakers face an elevated and persistent threat surface from impersonation sites, fake airdrop claims, and token-approval drainer schemes that exploit the protocol's name and brand recognition.

Ethena is a DeFi protocol founded in 2023 by Guy Young that issues USDe, a synthetic dollar stablecoin backed by delta-neutral perpetual futures hedges on centralized exchanges. The protocol reached $14 billion in supply at its 2025 peak before contracting sharply to approximately $5.9 billion following a flash crash in October 2025 and BaFin's enforcement action that forced Ethena GmbH to cease EU operations. Multiple concerns have been raised including: a German regulatory shutdown citing MiCA breaches and alleged unregistered securities offerings via sUSDe; insider airdrop farming allegations involving 180 million foundation-controlled ENA tokens; two separate security incidents (Discord hack July 2024 and domain registrar compromise September 2024); and structural risks tied to funding rate volatility, exchange counterparty exposure, and an undersized reserve fund relative to protocol TVL.

KAITO is the native token of Kaito AI, an AI-powered 'InfoFi' (information finance) platform built on Base blockchain, founded by former Citadel quantitative trader Yu Hu and launched in February 2025. On March 15, 2025, both the official Kaito AI X account and Yu Hu's personal account were compromised by hackers who spread false claims of wallet breaches while simultaneously holding short positions on KAITO, netting an estimated $1 million in profit from the manufactured price panic. The platform faced additional scrutiny from blockchain investigator ZachXBT over alleged AI bot spam incentivized by its Yaps reward system, which was ultimately sunset in January 2026 after X revoked API access to all InfoFi applications.

Hypurr NFTs are a 4,600-piece cat-themed NFT collection airdropped by the Hyper Foundation on September 28, 2025, to early Hyperliquid users who participated in the November 2024 Genesis Event. On the day of launch, blockchain investigator ZachXBT flagged the theft of eight Hypurr NFTs from compromised HyperEVM wallets, yielding approximately $400,000 in profit for the attacker. The collection itself is a legitimate product of the Hyper Foundation, but the incident exposed wallet security vulnerabilities in the HyperEVM ecosystem and coincided with a broader pattern of exploits across Hyperliquid-based protocols in late September 2025.