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PolyNetwork

avoid.net/polynetwork10/100·92% conf.
[AI-DRAFTED · AWAITING VERIFICATION][src:defillama]
anchored·2epGdR…5BAD

Summary

Poly Network was a cross-chain interoperability protocol launched in August 2020 by Neo, Ontology, and Switcheo. It suffered two major security breaches: a $610 million exploit in August 2021 (the largest DeFi hack at the time, with funds ultimately returned) and a second exploit in July 2023 in which attackers minted billions in notional value of tokens, extracting an estimated $10–20 million in real assets. The protocol permanently terminated all services on September 30, 2024.

Connected Entities

1 entities
Organizations
PolyNetwork
Relationships
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Timeline(11 events)

2020-08-18

Poly Network launched by founding members Neo, Ontology, and Switcheo as a tokenless heterogeneous cross-chain interoperability protocol.

2021-08-10

Attacker exploits access control vulnerability in EthCrossChainManager and EthCrossChainData smart contracts, draining approximately $610 million across Ethereum, Binance Smart Chain, and Polygon — the largest DeFi hack at the time.

2021-08-11

Attacker begins returning stolen funds and claims via embedded on-chain messages that the theft was intended to expose the vulnerability. Poly Network refers to the attacker as 'Mr. White Hat.'

2021-08-13

Approximately $340 million in funds returned; remaining assets moved to a multi-signature address requiring Poly Network cooperation for transfer.

2021-08-25

Final tranche of stolen funds returned. Poly Network confirms all assets recovered. The hacker declines the $500,000 bug bounty.

2021-09-01

Poly Network launches a bug bounty program on Immunefi offering up to $100,000 for critical vulnerabilities.

2023-07-02

Second major exploit: attackers allegedly compromise 3 of 4 Relay Chain keeper private keys via Trojan virus or insider action, minting billions in notional-value tokens across 11 chains. Actual realized losses estimated at $10–20 million. Services immediately suspended.

2023-07-04

Poly Network publishes post-mortem attributing the 2023 exploit to Trojan-implanted malware in the compilation environment used to generate consensus node keys.

2024-04-01

Poly Network announces it will cease new deployments and transition to support-only mode for existing partners.

2024-09-11

Poly Network publishes notice of complete termination of all services effective September 30, 2024, citing 'changing market landscape.'

2024-09-30

All Poly Network services, including Poly Bridge, permanently shut down.

Provenance & Audit Trail

Decision Log

This investigation is cryptographically anchored to the Solana blockchain and source URLs are archived via the Internet Archive.

model: claude-sonnet-4-6

generated: 5/4/2026, 2:54:29 AM

last updated: 5/28/2026, 3:28:48 AM

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