{"investigation":{"slug":"bitbank-iranian-crypto-exchange","entity_name":"BitBank (Iranian Crypto Exchange)","trust_score":0,"severity_base":null,"score_modifier":-1.4,"confidence":0.92,"status":"published","content_type":"investigation","summary":"BitBank, also known as BitBank3 (bitbank3.com), is an Iranian digital asset exchange designated by the U.S. Treasury's OFAC on September 17, 2026 under Executive Order 13902. OFAC alleges it is controlled by sanctioned financier Babak Zanjani and was used between June and July 2026 to move hundreds of millions of dollars in Bitcoin to the IRGC and to pass on Strait of Hormuz toll payments. The designation is part of Operation Economic Outcast; no court has adjudicated the allegations.","sections":[{"content":"On September 17, 2026, OFAC designated BitBank (also known as BitBank3, operating at bitbank3.com) under Executive Order 13902, which authorizes sanctions against persons operating in Iran's digital asset sector. The designation places BitBank on the Specially Designated Nationals (SDN) list, blocking all U.S.-jurisdiction property of the exchange and prohibiting U.S. persons from transacting with it absent an OFAC license; violations carry civil and criminal penalties. The action was announced as part of Operation Economic Outcast, a whole-of-government economic campaign against the Iranian regime launched by Treasury Secretary Bessent on August 24, 2026. According to OFAC, the designation 'directly strikes at the architecture Zanjani built to launder funds and transfer hundreds of millions of dollars in Bitcoin to the Islamic Revolutionary Guards Corps.' BitBank was reportedly launched in 2024. No court has adjudicated these allegations; the designation is an administrative regulatory action, not a criminal conviction.","heading":"OFAC Designation and Legal Status","sources":[{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0632","name":"U.S. Treasury: Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2026/09/iran-260917-treasury01.htm","name":"Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime — GlobalSecurity.org (Treasury press release)","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0613","name":"Treasury Launches Unprecedented Campaign Against Iranian Regime on Economic D-Day — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","name":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","type":"research","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2026/09/18/iran-s-strait-of-hormuz-toll-booth-ran-through-a-bitcoin-exchange-u-s-says","name":"CoinDesk: Iran's Strait of Hormuz Toll Booth Ran Through a Bitcoin Exchange, U.S. Says","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.theblock.co/news/regulation/2026-09-17-us-sanctions-iranian-crypto-exchange-bitbank-alleged-bitcoin-transfers-to-irgc-415462","name":"US sanctions Iranian crypto exchange BitBank over alleged bitcoin transfers to IRGC — The Block","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.amlintelligence.com/2026/09/news-us-sanctions-iranian-financiers-crypto-exchange-bitbank/","name":"AML Intelligence: US sanctions BitBank, Iranian financier's crypto exchange","type":"news_article","credibility":2}],"severity":"critical"},{"content":"According to OFAC, between June and July 2026 Babak Zanjani allegedly used BitBank to transfer hundreds of millions of dollars in Bitcoin to the Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps (IRGC), a U.S.-designated foreign terrorist organization. Treasury stated that since at least 2024 Zanjani had advertised BitBank's services on his social media accounts. TRM Labs, in supporting analysis, identified approximately $1 billion in IRGC-linked activity across Zanjani's earlier exchanges Zedcex and Zedxion between 2023 and 2025, with IRGC-linked flows about 56% of observed volume and peaking at roughly 87% in 2024; these figures are attributed to TRM Labs and have not been independently adjudicated. These are regulatory allegations in an administrative designation; no criminal indictment or judicial finding has been issued against BitBank or its operators as of the source pages.","heading":"Alleged Role in IRGC Financing","sources":[{"url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","name":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","type":"research","credibility":2},{"url":"https://crypto.news/bitbank-faces-u-s-sanctions/","name":"BitBank faces U.S. sanctions over alleged IRGC Bitcoin transfers — Crypto.news","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0632","name":"U.S. Treasury: Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://decrypt.co/378604/treasury-sanctions-crypto-exchange-behind-irans-bitcoin-tolls-on-hormuz-ships","name":"Decrypt: Treasury Sanctions Crypto Exchange Behind Iran's Bitcoin Tolls on Hormuz Ships","type":"news_article","credibility":2}],"severity":"critical"},{"content":"According to OFAC, since June 2026 Iran has charged shipping vessels between $1 million and $2 million for passage through the Strait of Hormuz, collected via the Hormuz Safe Marine Services Authority, an IRGC-backed entity that OFAC designated on July 29, 2026 for a Bitcoin-denominated extortion scheme on Hormuz shipping. Treasury alleges the Authority used BitBank since June 2026 as a conduit to pass these Bitcoin toll payments on to the Iranian regime. These allegations originate from U.S. government enforcement actions and have not been tested in court.","heading":"Strait of Hormuz Toll Scheme","sources":[{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0632","name":"U.S. Treasury: Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0581","name":"Treasury Disrupts Iranian Regime's Strait of Hormuz Extortion Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2026/09/18/iran-s-strait-of-hormuz-toll-booth-ran-through-a-bitcoin-exchange-u-s-says","name":"CoinDesk: Iran's Strait of Hormuz Toll Booth Ran Through a Bitcoin Exchange, U.S. Says","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.thenationalnews.com/news/2026/09/24/us-sanctions-crypto-exchange-run-by-iranian-billionaire-processing-tehran-tollbooth-fees/","name":"The National: US sanctions crypto exchange run by Iranian billionaire processing 'Tehran tollbooth' fees","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://maritime-executive.com/article/us-sanctions-bitcoin-exchange-for-handling-iran-s-hormuz-transit-fees","name":"US Sanctions Bitcoin Exchange for Handling Iran's Hormuz Transit Fees — Maritime Executive","type":"news_article","credibility":2}],"severity":"critical"},{"content":"OFAC describes BitBank as a 'priority digital asset venture' controlled by Babak Zanjani, an Iranian financier. Zanjani founded the Sorinet Group in the 2000s, which U.S. authorities later alleged was used to facilitate oil sales for the Iranian government in violation of sanctions. One page reports that the U.S. Treasury first designated him in 2013, alleging his network moved billions of dollars for the Iranian government via entities in Malaysia, Turkey, Tajikistan and the UAE; another describes his January 30, 2026 designation as his first by OFAC (see contradiction notes). Iranian authorities arrested him in 2013, and in March 2016 an Iranian court sentenced him to death for embezzling from the National Iranian Oil Company (NIOC), reported as approximately $2.7 billion. His sentence was commuted to 20 years in prison in April 2024, reportedly following repatriation of about $2.1 billion in assets. By 2025 he had publicly re-emerged as a backer of regime-linked projects. On January 30, 2026, OFAC designated him together with the UK-registered exchanges Zedcex and Zedxion, accusing him of money laundering for the IRGC; Companies House proceedings were initiated to dissolve Zedcex Exchange Ltd and Zedxion Exchange Ltd, per OCCRP. A broader network designation followed on July 24, 2026, covering Dot One Value Creation Group and affiliated entities (reported as four individuals and nine entities, including ZEDX DMCC, ZedPay and BZ Diamond). BitBank is described as an alleged replacement vehicle after the Zedcex and Zedxion sanctions.","heading":"Controlling Figure: Babak Zanjani","sources":[{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0576","name":"Treasury Further Dismantles Iranian Financier Zanjani's Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","name":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","type":"research","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.occrp.org/en/news/us-sanctions-family-of-iranian-tycoon-in-crackdown-on-alleged-irgc-crypto-network","name":"US Sanctions Family of Iranian Tycoon in Crackdown on Alleged IRGC Crypto Network — OCCRP","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak_Zanjani","name":"Babak Zanjani — Wikipedia","type":"other","credibility":3},{"url":"https://www.iranintl.com/en/202404308410","name":"Iranian Oil Tycoon's Death Sentence Commuted To 20 Years — Iran International","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.occrp.org/en/news/uk-to-dissolve-crypto-exchange-accused-of-funding-irans-revolutionary-guard","name":"UK to Dissolve Crypto Exchange Accused of Funding Iran's Revolutionary Guard — OCCRP","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.kharon.com/brief/iran-news-babak-zanjani-us-uk-sanctions-dotone","name":"Kharon: One Iranian Tycoon's Roller-Coaster: An Oil Empire, a Death Sentence, Freedom and Now Western Sanctions","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.state.gov/releases/office-of-the-spokesperson/2026/07/sanctioning-an-iranian-financial-evasion-network","name":"U.S. State Department: Sanctioning an Iranian Financial Evasion Network","type":"regulatory","credibility":1}],"severity":"critical"},{"content":"OFAC designated Pishtaz Simorgh Electronic Trade Company as the developer of BitBank's software; Treasury describes it as a subsidiary of Dot One Value Creation Group, itself sanctioned on July 24, 2026. BitBank's website listed Pishtaz Simorgh and Avan Exchange as exchange partners, per TRM Labs. BitBank integrates with the Dot One ecosystem: the MyDot social platform lets users accumulate 'stars' convertible into DOTO, a digital asset native to the Dot One Smart Chain (EVM-compatible, with support for wrapped DOTO, USDT and ETH), and users are directed to transfer DOTO to BitBank for P2P sales, suggesting BitBank served as the liquidity and off-ramp layer. Dot One, led by Zanjani as CEO, operates across logistics, telecommunications, aviation, transportation, gold production and digital assets; its subsidiary DotOne Rail Company reportedly secured an $800 million rail contract with Iran Railways in April 2025.","heading":"Developer and Corporate Infrastructure","sources":[{"url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","name":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","type":"research","credibility":2},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0576","name":"Treasury Further Dismantles Iranian Financier Zanjani's Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://cryptoslate.com/us-sanctions-iranian-crypto-exchange-and-its-software-developer-over-alleged-irgc-bitcoin-transfers/","name":"US sanctions Iranian crypto exchange and its software developer over alleged IRGC Bitcoin transfers — CryptoSlate","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://cryptopotato.com/iranian-crypto-exchange-bitbank-lands-on-us-treasurys-sanctions-list/","name":"CryptoPotato: Iranian Crypto Exchange BitBank Lands on US Treasury's Sanctions List","type":"news_article","credibility":2}],"severity":"high"},{"content":"Three individuals were designated alongside BitBank and Pishtaz Simorgh on September 17, 2026. Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein is CEO of Pishtaz Simorgh and a manager at Dot One. Seyed Adel Heidari is vice chairman of Dot One's board. Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein is a Dot One executive whom OFAC described as 'central to Zanjani's sanctions-evasion activity.' All three are subject to SDN consequences, including asset blocking and transaction prohibitions for U.S. persons.","heading":"Designated Individuals","sources":[{"url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","name":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","type":"research","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2026/09/iran-260917-treasury01.htm","name":"Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime — GlobalSecurity.org (Treasury press release)","type":"regulatory","credibility":1},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0632","name":"U.S. Treasury: Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime","type":"regulatory","credibility":1}],"severity":"high"},{"content":"The BitBank designation is described as the third major enforcement action against Zanjani's network in 2026. Earlier in 2026, OFAC sanctioned other Iranian exchanges under Operation Economic Outcast, including Nobitex, Wallex, Bitpin and Ramzinex (June 2026) and Shelbit and Aban Tether (August 2026). The digital-asset sectoral determination announced on August 24, 2026 lets OFAC designate any person determined to operate in Iran's digital asset sector without proof of a direct link to a previously named Iranian designee, significantly widening secondary-sanctions exposure for global crypto businesses.","heading":"Broader Sanctions Enforcement Context","sources":[{"url":"https://www.coindesk.com/policy/2026/08/25/u-s-widens-iran-crackdown-to-encompass-crypto-gold-shipping-and-technology","name":"U.S. widens Iran crackdown to encompass crypto, gold, shipping and technology — CoinDesk","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.theblock.co/news/regulation/2026-09-17-us-sanctions-iranian-crypto-exchange-bitbank-alleged-bitcoin-transfers-to-irgc-415462","name":"US sanctions Iranian crypto exchange BitBank over alleged bitcoin transfers to IRGC — The Block","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://beincrypto.com/treasury-sanctions-bitbank-iran-crypto/","name":"Can Iran Still Fund the IRGC With Crypto? Treasury Just Sanctioned Another Exchange — BeInCrypto","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0613","name":"Treasury Launches Unprecedented Campaign Against Iranian Regime on Economic D-Day — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","credibility":1}],"severity":"high"},{"content":"Any U.S. person or entity, including exchanges, custodians, on-ramps and payment processors, that transacts with BitBank, its operators or associated wallets risks civil and criminal liability under OFAC regulations; assets of BitBank, Pishtaz Simorgh or the designated individuals under U.S. jurisdiction must be blocked and reported to OFAC. Non-U.S. persons that materially assist sanctioned parties may face secondary sanctions exposure, including under the digital-asset sectoral determination in effect since August 2026. According to multiple sources, the September 17 SDN entries did not include specific Bitcoin wallet addresses, unlike some earlier Iranian crypto sanctions. Compliance teams should treat BitBank-attributed addresses as high-risk pending any OFAC supplemental guidance.","heading":"Compliance Risk for Global Exchanges and Users","sources":[{"url":"https://www.crypto-news-flash.com/us-blacklists-iranian-bitbank-exchange-key-compliance-takeaways/","name":"US Blacklists Iranian BitBank Exchange: Key Compliance Takeaways — Crypto News Flash","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","name":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","type":"research","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.amlintelligence.com/2026/09/news-us-sanctions-iranian-financiers-crypto-exchange-bitbank/","name":"AML Intelligence: US sanctions BitBank, Iranian financier's crypto exchange","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://cryptorank.io/news/feed/66034-iranian-crypto-exchange-bitbank-lands-on-us-treasurys-sanctions-list","name":"CryptoRank: Iranian Crypto Exchange BitBank Lands on US Treasury's Sanctions List","type":"news_article","credibility":2}],"severity":"critical"}],"timeline":[{"date":"2013","event":"Iranian authorities arrested Zanjani on charges of embezzling approximately $2.7 billion from NIOC; the U.S. Treasury also reportedly first designated him that year (Sorinet network), per one page.","source":"Babak Zanjani — Wikipedia","source_url":"https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Babak_Zanjani"},{"date":"2016-03","event":"Zanjani sentenced to death by an Iranian court for embezzling from NIOC.","source":"Iranian Oil Tycoon's Death Sentence Commuted To 20 Years — Iran International","source_url":"https://www.iranintl.com/en/202404308410"},{"date":"2024","event":"BitBank reportedly launched as an Iranian exchange at bitbank3.com.","source":"AML Intelligence: US sanctions BitBank, Iranian financier's crypto exchange","source_url":"https://www.amlintelligence.com/2026/09/news-us-sanctions-iranian-financiers-crypto-exchange-bitbank/"},{"date":"2024-04","event":"Zanjani's death sentence commuted to 20 years in prison, reportedly following repatriation of approximately $2.1 billion in assets.","source":"Iranian Oil Tycoon's Death Sentence Commuted To 20 Years — Iran International","source_url":"https://www.iranintl.com/en/202404308410"},{"date":"2025-04","event":"DotOne Rail Company, a Zanjani-controlled entity, reportedly secured an $800 million rail contract with Iran Railways.","source":"Treasury Further Dismantles Iranian Financier Zanjani's Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","source_url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0576"},{"date":"2026-01","event":"OFAC designated Zanjani and UK-registered exchanges Zedcex and Zedxion, accusing him of money laundering for the IRGC.","source":"U.S. Department of the Treasury (sb0375)","source_url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0375"},{"date":"2026-06","event":"According to OFAC, the Hormuz Safe Marine Services Authority began using BitBank to transfer toll payments to the Iranian regime, and Zanjani allegedly began using BitBank to move Bitcoin to the IRGC.","source":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","source_url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network"},{"date":"2026-07","event":"OFAC designated Dot One Value Creation Group and associated entities (including Zedpay, Zedx DMCC, BZ Diamond) as part of Operation Economic Outcast.","source":"Treasury Further Dismantles Iranian Financier Zanjani's Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","source_url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0576"},{"date":"2026-07","event":"OFAC designated the Hormuz Safe Marine Services Authority for an IRGC-backed Bitcoin-payment extortion scheme on Strait of Hormuz shipping.","source":"Treasury Disrupts Iranian Regime's Strait of Hormuz Extortion Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","source_url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0581"},{"date":"2026-08","event":"Treasury Secretary Bessent announced Operation Economic Outcast ('Economic D-Day'); OFAC issued a digital-asset sectoral determination enabling designation of any operator in Iran's crypto sector.","source":"Treasury Launches Unprecedented Campaign Against Iranian Regime on Economic D-Day — U.S. Department of the Treasury","source_url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0613"},{"date":"2026-09","event":"OFAC designated BitBank (BitBank3), Pishtaz Simorgh Electronic Trade Company, Mohammad Mahdi Zaker Hossein, Seyed Adel Heidari and Hossein Ali Zaker Hossein under Executive Order 13902 (announced September 17, 2026).","source":"Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime — GlobalSecurity.org (Treasury press release)","source_url":"https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2026/09/iran-260917-treasury01.htm"}],"sources_used":[{"url":"https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2026/09/iran-260917-treasury01.htm","name":"Operation Economic Outcast Disrupts Digital Asset Exchange Enabling the Iranian Regime — GlobalSecurity.org (Treasury press release)","type":"regulatory","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20260918180837/https://www.globalsecurity.org/wmd/library/news/iran/2026/09/iran-260917-treasury01.htm","credibility":1,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-18T18:08:37+00:00"},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0613","name":"Treasury Launches Unprecedented Campaign Against Iranian Regime on Economic D-Day — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20260914144005/https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0613","credibility":1,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-14T14:40:05+00:00"},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0576","name":"Treasury Further Dismantles Iranian Financier Zanjani's Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20260909094212/https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0576","credibility":1,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-09T09:42:12+00:00"},{"url":"https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0581","name":"Treasury Disrupts Iranian Regime's Strait of Hormuz Extortion Network — U.S. Department of the Treasury","type":"regulatory","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20260905230433/https://home.treasury.gov/news/press-releases/sb0581","credibility":1,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-05T23:04:33+00:00"},{"url":"https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","name":"OFAC Sanctions BitBank, Expanding Action Against Babak Zanjani's Digital Asset Network — TRM Labs","type":"research","archive_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260918202356/https://www.trmlabs.com/resources/blog/ofac-sanctions-bitbank-expanding-action-against-babak-zanjanis-digital-asset-network","credibility":2,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-18T20:23:56+00:00"},{"url":"https://www.theblock.co/news/regulation/2026-09-17-us-sanctions-iranian-crypto-exchange-bitbank-alleged-bitcoin-transfers-to-irgc-415462","name":"US sanctions Iranian crypto exchange BitBank over alleged bitcoin transfers to IRGC — The Block","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://crypto.news/bitbank-faces-u-s-sanctions/","name":"BitBank faces U.S. sanctions over alleged IRGC Bitcoin transfers — Crypto.news","type":"news_article","archive_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260918180227/https://crypto.news/bitbank-faces-u-s-sanctions/","credibility":2,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-18T18:02:27+00:00"},{"url":"https://www.crowdfundinsider.com/2026/09/311066-us-authorities-announce-sanctions-against-iranian-crypto-exchange-bitbank-over-alleged-bitcoin-btc-transfers-to-the-irgc/","name":"US Authorities Announce Sanctions Against Iranian Crypto Exchange BitBank — Crowdfund Insider","type":"news_article","archive_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260918180753/https://www.crowdfundinsider.com/2026/09/311066-us-authorities-announce-sanctions-against-iranian-crypto-exchange-bitbank-over-alleged-bitcoin-btc-transfers-to-the-irgc/","credibility":2,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-18T18:07:53+00:00"},{"url":"https://cryptoslate.com/us-sanctions-iranian-crypto-exchange-and-its-software-developer-over-alleged-irgc-bitcoin-transfers/","name":"US sanctions Iranian crypto exchange and its software developer over alleged IRGC Bitcoin transfers — CryptoSlate","type":"news_article","archive_url":"https://web.archive.org/web/20260918180556/https://cryptoslate.com/us-sanctions-iranian-crypto-exchange-and-its-software-developer-over-alleged-irgc-bitcoin-transfers/","credibility":2,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-18T18:05:56+00:00"},{"url":"https://beincrypto.com/treasury-sanctions-bitbank-iran-crypto/","name":"Can Iran Still Fund the IRGC With Crypto? Treasury Just Sanctioned Another Exchange — BeInCrypto","type":"news_article","credibility":2},{"url":"https://www.occrp.org/en/news/us-sanctions-family-of-iranian-tycoon-in-crackdown-on-alleged-irgc-crypto-network","name":"US Sanctions Family of Iranian Tycoon in Crackdown on Alleged IRGC Crypto Network — OCCRP","type":"news_article","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20260909161636/https://www.occrp.org/en/news/us-sanctions-family-of-iranian-tycoon-in-crackdown-on-alleged-irgc-crypto-network","credibility":2,"archive_timestamp":"2026-09-09T16:16:36+00:00"},{"url":"https://www.occrp.org/en/news/uk-to-dissolve-crypto-exchange-accused-of-funding-irans-revolutionary-guard","name":"UK to Dissolve Crypto Exchange Accused of Funding Iran's Revolutionary Guard — 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